In this country the increase has been accompanied by more abundant food supply, better living, more leisure, longer life, and better health. To date, with the exception of the intensive war research conducted by the Office of Scientific Research and Development, such support has been meager and intermittent. Discovery of new therapeutic agents and methods usually results from basic studies in medicine and the underlying sciences.
0 Ratings 0 Want to read 0 Currently reading 0 Have read Overview View 1 Edition Details Reviews Lists Related Books Publish Date 1945 Publisher U.S. Govt. but the present pattern is firmly established and there is much to be said for it. Unit 2702, NUO Centre The publicly and privately supported colleges, universities, and research institutes are the centers of basic research. Close Dialog Download citation. These uncertainties are, in part, attributable to the difficulties and expense incident to the operation of the patent system as it presently exists. Office of Scientific Research and Development; Bush, Vannevar, 1890-1974 Publication date 1960 Topics Science and state -- United States, Research -- United States Publisher Washington, National Science Foundation Collection The National Research Foundation must, therefore, be free to place its research contracts or grants not only with those institutions which have a demonstrated research capacity but also with other institutions whose latent talent or creative atmosphere affords promise of research success. Metrics details. There should be a focal point within the Government for a concerted program of assisting scientific research conducted outside of Government. Military preparedness requires a permanent independent, civilian-controlled organization, having close liaison with the Army and Navy, but with funds directly from Congress and with the clear power to initiate military research which will supplement and strengthen that carried on directly under the control of the Army and Navy. The Endless Frontier: The Next 75 Years in Science. Language English Pages 184 In discharging these responsibilities Federal funds should be made available. This report presents conclusions and recommendations based upon the studies of these committees which appear in full as the appendices. He layers historical context with a deeper examination of publicly funded science, and he challenges the scientific community to be more inclusive. International exchange of scientific information is of growing importance. We think it very important that circumstances be such that there be no ceilings, other than ability itself, to intellectual ambition. In this book he calls for science for citizens, not just science for scientists. Fortunately, this country had the scientists -- and the time -- to make this contribution and thus to advance the date of victory. The figures have been taken from a variety of sources and arbitrary definitions have necessarily been applied, but it is believed that they may be accepted as indicating the following trends: If the colleges, universities, and research institutes are to meet the rapidly increasing demands of industry and Government for new scientific knowledge, their basic research should be strengthened by use of public funds. A Report to the President by Vannevar Bush, Director of the Office of Scientific Research and Development, July 1945, (United States Government Printing Office, Washington: 1945), CHAPTER 1. To encourage and enable a larger number of young men and women of ability to take up science as a career, and in order gradually to reduce the deficit of trained scientific personnel, it is recommended that provision be made for a reasonable number of (a) undergraduate scholarships and graduate fellowships and (b) fellowships for advanced training and fundamental research. The Members should elect their own chairman annually. * * * So in the last analysis, the future of science in this country will be determined by our basic educational policy.". But without scientific progress no amount of achievement in other directions can insure our health, prosperity, and security as a nation in the modern world. Office of scientific rese. "Daniel J. Kevles, author of The Baltimore Case: A Trial of Politics, Science, and Character, "During his productive time in Congress and afterward, Rush Holt has been a champion of scientific research and the integration of science into policymaking. Notable examples are found within the Departments of Agriculture, Commerce, Interior, and the Federal Security Agency. III. Search the for Website expand_more. It should be drafted with great care. United Kingdom Notwithstanding great progress in prolonging the span of life and relief of suffering, much illness remains for which adequate means of prevention and cure are not yet known. The benefits of basic research do not reach all industries equally or at the same speed. "In his companion essay to this new edition of Science, the Endless Frontierthe blueprint for American science since World War IIRush Holt argues that a more expansive philosophical vision of the value of science is needed, one that embraces the public as a more equal partner. To enlarge the group of specially qualified men and women it is necessary to increase the number who go to college. Articles Find articles in journals, magazines, newspapers, and more; Catalog Explore books, music, movies, and more; Databases Locate databases by title and description; Journals Find journal titles; UWDC Discover digital collections, images, sound recordings, and more; Website Find information on spaces, staff, services, and more . First issued when Vannevar Bush was the director of the US Office of Scientific Research and Development during the Second World War, this classic remains vital in making the case that scientific progress is necessary to a nation's health, security, and prosperity. Learn more about ebooks and audio from Princeton University Press. Science, the Endless Frontier of Regulatory Capture by Andrea Saltelli, Dorothy Dankel, Monica Di Fiore, Nina Holland, Martin Pigeon :: SSRN Add Paper to My Library Science, the Endless Frontier of Regulatory Capture Saltelli, Andrea, Dorothy J. Dankel, Monica Di Fiore, Nina Holland, and Martin Pigeon. In addition, a detailed study, with recommendations concerning the extent to which modifications should be made in our patent laws is currently being made under the leadership of the Secretary of Commerce. In the decade from 1930 to 1940 expenditures for industrial research increased from $116,000,000 to $240,000,000 and those for scientific research in Government rose from $24,000,000 to $69,000,000. The Endless Frontier Act was initially presented Senators Chuck Schumer (D-NY) and Todd Young (R-IN) by Under . New Responsibilities for Government. There are no standing committees of the Congress devoted to this important subject. The Government would be well advised to invest the money involved in this plan even if the benefits to the nation were thought of solely -- which they are not -- in terms of national preparedness. - Studies by the several committees provide a partial basis for making an estimate of the order of magnitude of the funds required to implement the proposed program. The development of the. One lesson is clear from the reports of the several committees attached as appendices. There should be no obligation on the research institution to patent discoveries made as a result of support from the Foundation. We find that papers and patents are . In this war it has become clear beyond all doubt that scientific research is absolutely essential to national security. To make contracts or grants for the conduct of research by negotiation without advertising for bids. 2. It is important that the patent system continue to serve the country in the manner intended by the Constitution, for it has been a vital element in the industrial vigor which has distinguished this nation. When you select "Accept all cookies," you're agreeing to let your browser store that data on your device so that we can provide you with a better, more relevant experience. The Divisions should be responsible to the Members of the Foundation for -. To initiate and finance in appropriate organizations research projects for which existing facilities are unavailable or inadequate. More Filters. Our web pages use cookiesinformation about how you interact with the site. While there must be increased emphasis on science in the future training of officers for both the Army and Navy, such men cannot be expected to be specialists in scientific research. Yet, uncertainties in the operation of the patent laws have impaired the ability of small industries to translate new ideas into processes and products of value to the nation. Special Authority. But in the present state of knowledge a plan cannot be made which will select, and assist, only those young men and women who will give the top future leadership to science. medicine, physics, psychology, history and philosophy of science, machine learning, education, and neuroscience. From October 6 - November 10, 2022. . There have been numerous cases of independent discovery of the same truth in different places. Increasing specialization of science will make it more important than ever that scientists in this country keep continually ahead of developments abroad. The Government has only begun to utilize science in the nation's welfare. The division Members should be appointed for such terms as the Members of the Foundation may determine, and may be reappointed at the discretion of the Members. The influence of Science The Endless Frontier stems largely from its timing, coming at the tail end of a war in which science-based technology had been crucial. Penicillin reached our troops in time to save countless lives because the Government coordinated and supported the program of research and development on the drug. Science: The endless frontier. The excellent reports of the committees which studied these matters are attached as appendices. Similarly, advance payments should be allowed in the discretion of the Director of the Foundation when required. Several hundred articles have appeared in the professional journals; many are in process of publication. Moreover, they should see that those who study overseas have the benefit of the latest scientific developments. Science, the Endless Frontier 1945 Washington, D. C. 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